secubo Latin · revision 34450

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81/79–52/50 BC, Catullus|origins=la cubō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈseː.kʊ.boː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɛː.ku.bo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sēcubō''' (present infinitive sēcubāre, perfect active sēcubuī, supine sēcubitum); first conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sē-|cubō|t1=apart|t2=to lie down]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains the prefix as the old ablative ⟨sēd⟩, which as a preposition meant “without, away”.^(de Vaan 2008) The verb [[m|la|cubō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*kubā̆je/o-|t=be lying]]; de Vaan finds a PIE origin of its root uncertain, since it has a /b/ and is found only in Italic and Celtic.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xfa|cupat|t=lies down]] and [[wlm|kyscu|t=to sleep]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first use is in Catullus,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) who speaks of sleeping away from someone's breasts, ''a tuis secubare papillis''.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to sleep apart from one's spouse or lover, or to sleep alone,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Lewis and Short note that Cicero never uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is said of a man in Catullus, Livy, Quintilian and Suetonius, and of a woman in Tibullus, whose chaste bed is ''puro secubuisse toro'', and in Ovid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Propertius and Apuleius use it more generally of living alone or in seclusion,^(Georges 1913) and Lewis and Short quote ''miles depositis annosus secubat armis'', “the aged soldier lives apart, his arms laid down”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Apuleius it is also said of someone who reclines apart from the other guests at a dinner.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to live alone.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of sleeping apart.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 55–19/18 BC – Tibullus uses it of a woman sleeping alone.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of a man.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of reclining apart at a dinner and of living in solitude.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|sleep]] apart from one's spouse or lover; to sleep alone.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # To recline apart from one's companions at table.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # To live alone, live in [[m|en|seclusion]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[secubatio]]

+ * [[sēcubitō]]

+ * [[sēcubitus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}