rusticanus Latin · revision 34437

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=230/220–168 BC, Caecilius Statius|origins=la rūs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ruːs.tɪˈkaː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [rus.tiˈkaː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rūsticānus''' (feminine rūsticāna, neuter rūsticānum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|rūsticus|-ānus|t1=of the country, rustic]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Its base is [[m|la|rūs|t=the country]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest quotation is from Caecilius Statius, who sets a town way of life against a ''vita rusticana'', a country one.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Cicero uses it often of people from the country towns, ''homines rusticani ex municipiis'', and of the frugal ways of country folk, ''rusticana illa atque inculta parsimonia''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It often hints at awkwardness or lack of learning, and of speech it means provincial: in the ''De oratore'' Lucius Cotta thinks his speech will sound old-fashioned if it is quite rustic.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Fronto praises Novius for his rustic and joking words.^(OLD 2012) Georges distinguishes ''vita rusticana'', mere residence in the country, from ''rustica vita'', country life with all its work.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ In Late Latin Jerome has a ''rusticanum tugurium'', a peasant's hut,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) and as a noun it means a countryman, in Eutropius in the plural and in Augustine in the singular.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Medieval writers in Britain use it of country work and tools and of peasant or boorish behaviour.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 230/220–168 BC – Caecilius Statius uses it of a country way of life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of people from the country towns.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 370 AD – Eutropius uses the plural ''rusticani'' as a noun, “peasants”.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses the singular as a noun.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Living in or coming from the country, [[m|en|rustic]], often with a suggestion of awkwardness or ignorance.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Used by or typical of country people; of speech, [[m|en|provincial]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A countryman, [[m|en|peasant]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rūs]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein notes that Cicero chooses ''rusticanus'' when he wants a milder word than [[rūsticus]]: the ''rusticus'' actually lives in a village, while the ''rusticanus'' only resembles those who do.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}