stativus Latin · revision 34425

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=la stō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [staˈtiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [staˈtiː.vus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''statīvus''' (feminine statīva, neuter statīvum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|stō|-īvus|t1=to stand]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of that verb.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Varro,^(de Vaan 2008) who speaks of ''stativae aquae'', standing waters such as lakes and ponds.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Apart from that sense it is rare: Apuleius uses it of the stationary point of a planet, translating a Greek term.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It is chiefly military: a ''praesidium stativum'' is a fixed post, and ''castra stativa'' a permanent camp, in Cicero, Caesar, Sallust, Livy and Tacitus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero uses it ironically of a governor without an army who made his stationary camp in the finest part of Syracuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) The neuter plural ''stativa'' was a permanent camp, and of travellers a halt or resting day.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tertullian contrasts it with ''ambulatorius'', at home and on the road.^(Georges 1913) Macrobius has ''feriae stativae'', fixed festivals.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ In Late Latin there is also a feminine ''stativa'', a halt.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Medieval writers in Britain use it of rest after activity and, as a noun, of a landing place or staithe.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of standing waters.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses ''castra stativa'' and ''praesidium stativum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses ''castra stativa''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses the plural ''stativa'' for a permanent camp.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|stationary|alt=Stationary]], standing still.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(military)'' Of a camp or post: [[m|en|permanent]], fixed.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of festivals: fixed.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(neuter plural)'' A permanent camp; of travellers, a halt.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin, feminine)'' A [[m|en|landing place]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}