sicine Latin · revision 34418

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sīcine''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Also written ''siccine''^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) and shortened ''sīcin''.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sīc|-ne|t1=thus|t2=interrogative particle]],^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) the first part in its older form ⟨sīce⟩, which still has the particle [[m|la|-ce]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) De Vaan lists it with the words containing that particle, which goes back to [[ine-pro|*ḱe|t=this, here]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus on,^(Köbler 2010) in indignant questions: ''sicine hoc fit? foras aedibus me eici?'', “is this how it is done? am I to be thrown out of the house?”^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It almost always implies reproach, sometimes self-reproach, and always begins its sentence.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is frequent in the comic writers, occurs once in Cicero and twice in Livy, and is not used by Caesar or Sallust.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Terence asks ''sicine agis?'', “is that what you are doing?”, Catullus ''sicine me … deserto liquisti in litore?'', “is it thus you have left me on a deserted shore?”, and Propertius ''sicine, lente, iaces?'', “do you lie there like that, sluggard?”^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) It also introduces exclamations with an infinitive, as in Terence, “that she and I should be troubled so, poor wretches, by your doing!”^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Lewis 1890)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in indignant questions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence has ''sicine agis?''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it once, in the ''Pro Flacco''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it in a reproachful question.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it twice.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # ''(in indignant or reproachful questions)'' Thus? Is it so that…? Is this how…?^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Simpson 1959)

+ # ''(with an exclamatory infinitive)'' To think that… thus!^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Lewis 1890)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sīc]]

+ * [[-ne]]

+ * [[-ce]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}