alludo Latin · revision 34416

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *loid-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [alˈluː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [alˈluː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''allūdō''' (present infinitive allūdere, perfect active allūsī, supine allūsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''adlūdō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|lūdō|t1=to, towards|t2=to play]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the compounds of the simple verb, beside [[m|la|allūdiō|t=to play with]], found from Plautus on;^(de Vaan 2008) he traces [[m|la|lūdō]] to [[itc-pro|*loid-e/o-|t=to play]] and [[ine-pro|*loid-|t=to let go frequently, play]], and points to the archaic inscriptional spellings ⟨loed-⟩ and ⟨loid-⟩ of the noun [[m|la|lūdus|t=play, game]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[lt|léisti|t=to let]] and [[mga|laídid|t=impels]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and the OLD record it first in Terence,^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) where a speaker tells how someone began to joke about his mistress and make fun of him (''coepit ad id adludere et me inridere'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to play or frolic beside or around something: Ovid uses it of a bull frolicking in the grass, Pliny the Elder of a dolphin frolicking as it meets ships, and Martial of bears.^(OLD 2012) Of water it means to play or lap against, as the waves do on the rocks where a plant grows.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Catullus has it with an accusative, of the waves playing with things fallen at someone's feet.^(OLD 2012) With ''ad'' or a dative it means to make a playful or mocking allusion: Valerius Maximus says that Phidias alluded to verses of Homer in an excellent saying, and Quintilian of Cicero alluding playfully to Trebatius.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Cicero also uses it absolutely, of Galba bringing in many comparisons in a jesting way.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it once of things near at hand that humour our hopes.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In medieval Latin it is used of animals and children playing and fondling, of friendly or playful speech and of singing, and figuratively of alluding to a name or hinting at something.^(MLW) Bede has it of a pun on the name Aelli (''alleluia'').^(MLW) English took the verb over in the 16th century, first in the sense “to mock”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of joking about something.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of jesting speech.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of waves playing at someone's feet.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a dolphin and of waves.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 8th century – Bede uses it of a pun on a name.^(MLW)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English borrows it as [[m|en|allude]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|play]] or [[m|en|frolic]] beside or around.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(of water)'' To play or [[m|en|lap]] against.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To play or sport with.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(with ad or the dative)'' To make a playful or mocking [[m|en|allusion]] to;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) ''(absolute)'' to [[m|en|jest]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To play up to, [[m|en|humour]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To fondle, caress; to speak playfully; to hint at.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[allūsiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lūdō]]

+ * [[lūdus]]

+ * [[illūdō]]

+ * [[ēlūdō]]

+ * [[dēlūdō]]

+ * [[en|allude]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}