revivisco Latin · revision 34414

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *gʷíh₃-ue/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛ.wiːˈwiːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [re.viˈvis.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''revīvīscō''' (present infinitive revīvīscere, perfect active revīxī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''revīvēscō'', the usual form outside Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|vīvō|-scō|t1=again|t2=to live|t3=inchoative suffix]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) an inchoative “to come to life again”; de Vaan lists ⟨revīvēscere⟩ among the derivatives of [[m|la|vīvō]], beside [[m|la|vīvēscō|t=to come to life]].^(de Vaan 2008) He traces that verb to [[itc-pro|*gʷīwe/o-|t=to live]] and [[ine-pro|*gʷíh₃-ue/o-|t=to live]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[osc|bivus|t=alive]] and [[sa|जीवति|tr=jī́vati|t=to live]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Terence on,^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) who has it of a dead man: one may wish him alive and well, but ''ille revivescet iam numquam'', “he will never come to life again”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to come to life again, of the dead, and by exaggeration of people who were unconscious or seemed dead: Ovid has ''ad tua verba revixi'', “at your words I came back to life”, and Celsus reports people who revived at their own funerals.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Varro uses it of bees that recover when warmed, Pliny the Elder of shellfish, and Columella and Pliny of plants and leaves that grow again.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Lewis and Short call it a favourite word with Cicero, especially in a figurative sense:^(Lewis & Short 1879) he writes that the memory of himself and the longing for him revived, that the majesty of the Roman people came to life again, and that justice and restraint revived with his arrival.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Pliny the Elder says that an art ceased and then revived in a later Olympiad, and Petronius speaks of a reviving friendship.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) The Vulgate has ''peccatum revixit'', “sin revived”, in the Epistle to the Romans.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a dead man who will never live again.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of bees.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it often, especially figuratively.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius has ''reviviscentem amicitiam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – The Vulgate uses it of sin reviving.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To come to life again, be restored to life, [[m|en|revive]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(of animals and plants)'' To recover; to grow again.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To become active or [[m|en|flourishing]] again, recover strength.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vīvō]]

+ * [[vīvēscō]]

+ * [[revīvō]]

+ * [[vīvus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}