reviresco Latin · revision 34404

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la vireō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛ.wɪˈreːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [re.viˈrɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''revirēscō''' (present infinitive revirēscere, perfect active reviruī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|virēscō|t1=again|t2=to become green]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists [[m|la|virēscō]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|vireō|t=to be green]], whose etymology de Vaan calls uncertain: he gives [[itc-pro|*w(e)is-]] with a question mark, and doubts that the Baltic and Germanic words compared with it belong together.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is in Cicero,^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) who in the Philippics speaks of those who are pained that the senate is reviving in the hope of its former authority.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Literally it is used of plants growing green again: Ovid of damaged woods, Tacitus of the Ruminalis tree putting out new shoots, and Gellius of the onion, which grows green as the moon wanes and dries up as it waxes.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Of persons it means to become young and vigorous again, as in Ovid and Statius, and Columella says that land, once old age has come upon it, cannot grow green again.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it means to be restored to a flourishing state or revived in spirit: Cicero uses it of the senate, Tacitus of a party, and Florus of the empire's old age given back its youth.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Augustine urges his hearers, in a sermon, to grow green again and ripen.^(Georges 1913) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to become green again.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the senate reviving.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of woods growing green and of an old man made young again.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a tree putting out new shoots and of a reviving party.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it of the onion growing green as the moon wanes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # Of plants, to become green again, show new growth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of persons, to become young and [[m|en|vigorous]] again.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To be restored to a flourishing condition, [[m|en|revive]]; to be revived in spirit.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}