send English · revision 3439

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 725 (Beowulf)|origins=ine-pro *sent-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /send/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|senden]], [[inh|ang|sendan|t=to dispatch; to emit, throw]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MW Collegiate) from [[gem-pro|*sandijaną|t=to make go]],^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) a causative of [[gem-pro|*sinþaną|t=to go, journey]],^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(Klein 1966) which also gave Old English [[m|ang|sīþ|t=way, journey]].^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) Its cognates include [[ofs|senda]], [[osx|sendian]], [[nl|zenden]], [[de|senden]] and [[non|senda]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(SOED 2002) and Gothic has sandjan.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) Etymonline traces it to [[ine-pro|*sent-|t=to head for, go]], the root also of [[sense]], comparing Old Irish sét “path”.^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To cause or order to go: Old English ''sendan'', about 725, in ''Beowulf'',^(Barnhart 1988) and Middle English senden before 1121.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Send word'', “to dispatch a message”, is from about 1200, and ''send for'', “to summon”, by the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) To export goods is from 1596,^(HTOED) and to make a sound carry from 1597.^(HTOED) “To cause to go into a state”, as in ''send to sleep'', is by 1831.^(Etymonline) The slang sense “to thrill, transport with delight” is by 1932, in American jazz slang.^(Etymonline) In Scots a ''send'' was a messenger sent ahead to the bride.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 725 – Old English ''sendan'' (''Beowulf'').^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1200 – ''send word''.^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – ''send for''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1596 – to export.^(HTOED)

+ * 1831 – to put into a state.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1932 – to thrill.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cause to be taken or conveyed to a destination; to [[dispatch]].^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # To direct or enable to go: ''send a child to school''.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # To give off or emit; to propel.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To bring into a state: ''send someone mad''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(slang)'' To delight or thrill.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sender]]

+ * [[sendable]]

+ * [[sendee]]

+ * [[missend]]

+ * [[resend]]

+ * [[send-up]]

+ * [[send-off]]

+ * [[send down]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sense]]

+ * [[godsend]]

+ * [[sent]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The American Heritage Dictionary compares ''send'' with ''dispatch'', ''forward'', ''route'', ''ship'' and ''transmit''.^(AHD) The nautical ''send'', the driving motion of a wave, is a variant of [[scend]].^(AHD 2000)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}