convivalis Latin · revision 34371

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=59 BC–17 AD, Livy|origins=la vīvō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔn.wiːˈwaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [koɱ.viˈvaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''convīvālis''' (neuter convīvāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Curtius has the form ''convīviālis'', which is also a variant reading in Livy and Macrobius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|convīva|-ālis|t1=guest]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) Lewis & Short connect it instead with [[m|la|convīvium|t=dinner party]].^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan lists both nouns among the derivatives of [[m|la|vīvō|t=to live]], which goes back to [[ine-pro|*gʷíh₃-ue/o-|t=to live]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Livy,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it of entertainments at banquets.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short note that it is rare and not found before Augustus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means belonging to a feast or dinner party: Tacitus speaks of ''fabulae convivales'', table talk, Curtius of games at a feast, Seneca the Elder of jokes at table, and other writers of banqueting couches, garments and vessels.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Prudentius has a song for the table, Macrobius table conversation.^(Georges 1913) In medieval charters ''denarii convivales'' were money paid in place of a meal,^(MLW) and British writers used it of festive good cheer.^(DMLBS) English ''convivial'' comes from the variant ''convīviālis''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of entertainments at banquets.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus speaks of ''fabulae convivales''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1202 – A charter from Utrecht mentions ''denarii convivales'', meal money.^(MLW)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1660s – English borrows ''convivial''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or for a [[m|en|feast]] or [[m|en|dinner party]], festal, [[m|en|convivial]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' ''denarii convivales'': money paid in place of a meal.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|convivial]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}