viduo Latin · revision 34321

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=la viduus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈwɪ.du.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈviː.du.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''viduō''' (present infinitive viduāre, perfect active viduāvī, supine viduātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|viduus|-ō|t1=bereft, deprived]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) [[m|la|viduus|alt=Viduus]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*wiþowo-]] and [[ine-pro|*h1ui-dhh1-eu-o-|t=separated]].^(de Vaan 2008) It is cognate with [[sa|विधवा|tr=vidhávā|t=widow]] and [[sga|fedb|t=widow]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan records it from Lucretius on.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD's earliest quotation is from Virgil, who says that Mezentius would never have ''tam multis viduasset civibus urbem'', “bereft the city of so many citizens”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ With an ablative it means to deprive or bereave of something: in Horace the ash trees are not stripped of their leaves, and Seneca, Columella, Statius and Tacitus use it in the same way.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Specially it means to widow, as in Suetonius of Agrippina ''viduata morte Domitii''.^(OLD 2012) Statius and Silius Italicus also use it for emptying a place.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to deprive of.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil has ''viduasset civibus urbem''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of trees stripped of leaves.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of a woman widowed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|deprive]] or [[m|en|bereave]] of (with an ablative).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|widow]], bereave of a husband.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|empty]] of contents.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vidua]]

+ * [[viduitās]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}