casula Latin · revision 34315

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=2nd half of the 1st century BC, Moretum|origins=la casa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈka.sʊ.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkaː.s̬u.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''casula''' ''f'' (genitive casulae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|casa|-ula|t1=hut, cottage]], a diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan finds the origin of [[m|la|casa]] unclear: Walde and Hofmann explain it as a dialectal form of [[itc-pro|*kat-ja]], from a root meaning “to plait”, and a link with European words for a hut or chamber such as [[ae|kata-|t=chamber]] is also possible, but its /a/ and its single /s/ after a short vowel make a loanword more likely.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Isidore of Seville explained the garment of this name as a “little house”, because it covers the whole person.^(Du Cange 1883)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is the ''Moretum'',^(Köbler 2010) where a garden adjoins the little cottage: ''hortus erat iūnctus casulae''.^(TLL) The sense is a small or humble cottage.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the first two centuries AD the TLL finds it only in Petronius and Juvenal.^(TLL) In Petronius it names a poor man's cottages, which a speaker threatens to sell if the price of corn stays high, and a small country property, and once a tomb.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ By about 400 it was used of an outer garment, because hooded garments suggested little houses:^(Etymonline) Augustine uses it of a cloak,^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) and Isidore of a hooded garment.^(Georges 1913)^(Du Cange 1883) Gregory of Tours has the by-form ''casubla''.^(Georges 1913) In medieval Latin it named an outbuilding, a small pagan shrine, a monk's cell, a cape or hooded cloak, a monk's cowl and the priest's [[m|en|chasuble]];^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Du Cange 1883) a council of 743 glosses ''casulae'' as pagan shrines.^(Du Cange 1883) English took the vestment from Old French, which had it from medieval Latin ''casubla''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 2nd half of the 1st century BC – The ''Moretum'' uses it of a small cottage beside a garden.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius uses it of small houses, a little farm and a tomb.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal uses it of a cottage.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses it of a cloak.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville describes it as a hooded garment.^(Georges 1913)^(Du Cange 1883)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 743 – A council glosses ''casulae'' as pagan shrines.^(Du Cange 1883)

+ * c. 1300 – English has the vestment as ''cheisible'', from Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small or humble [[m|en|cottage]], a [[m|en|hut]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(plural)'' A small country property.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # A [[m|en|tomb]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A [[m|en|cloak]], a hooded outer garment.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A [[m|en|chasuble]].^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An outbuilding; a small pagan [[m|en|shrine]]; a monk's [[m|en|cell]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Du Cange 1883)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A cape or hooded cloak; a monk's [[m|en|cowl]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[casellula]]

+ * [[casella]]

+ * [[casa]]

+ * [[en|chasuble]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}