magisterium Latin · revision 34312

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la magnus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ma.ɡɪsˈtɛ.ri.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ma.d͡ʒisˈtɛː.ri.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''magisterium''' ''n'' (genitive magisteriī or magisterī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|magister|-ium|t1=master, chief, teacher]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists both among the derivatives of [[m|la|magnus|t=great]], beside [[m|la|magis|t=more]]; he compares [[osc|mais|t=more]] and [[xum|mestru|t=bigger]], from [[itc-pro|*ma(g)is-tero-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler find it first in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) whose ''Mostellaria'' says something was done “by your virtue and your teaching”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) The sense there is instruction.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Plautus also uses it of a tutor's charge.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Its main classical sense is the office of a superintendent, president or master:^(OLD 2012) Cicero calls the censorship the strictest ''magisterium mōrum'', “control of morals”, and speaks of the masterships of banquets set up by the ancestors;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Livy and Suetonius have the office of master of the horse, ''magisterium equitum'', and the office of a chief priest.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Pliny the Elder even uses it of the lead dog in hunting,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Tibullus and Celsus of instruction in love and in medicine.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ Augustine speaks of laying down the burden of his teaching office,^(Georges 1913) and in Ecclesiastical Latin it is the teaching authority of the Church.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary) Medieval Latin used it for many offices: lordship over a slave, the office of burgomaster, the mastership of a craft guild, the degree of master or licence to teach, and spiritual authority.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) Italian ''magistero'' continues it.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of instruction and of a tutor's charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the censorship and of the mastership of banquets.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy has ''magisterium equitum'', the office of master of the horse.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses it of his teaching office.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1128 – A charter in Britain uses it of the dignity of a master of schools.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|office]] of a [[m|en|superintendent]], president or master.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|control|alt=Control]], governance;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''magisterium mōrum'', the [[m|en|censorship]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|instruction|alt=Instruction]], teaching; the charge of a [[m|en|tutor]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' The teaching authority of the Church, the [[m|en|magisterium]].^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The office of master of a craft [[m|en|guild]]; the degree of master, licence to teach.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A technical device or contrivance; the direction of building work.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prōmagisterium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[magister]]

+ * [[magistra]]

+ * [[magistrālis]]

+ * [[magistrātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}