robigo Latin · revision 34287

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁roudh-o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [roːˈbiː.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [roˈbiː.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rōbīgō''' ''f'' (genitive rōbīginis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''rūbīgō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|rōbus|-īgō|t1=red]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains [[m|la|rōbus]] as a dialectal form, with /oː/ instead of /uː/, of the adjective found in [[rūfus]].^(de Vaan 2008) This goes back to [[itc-pro|*rouþo-|t=red]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁roudh-o-|t=red]].^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short compare the formation of [[aerūgō]] and [[ferrūgō]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler record it first in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who uses it for the red deposit on metal: ''hoc quidem pol e robigine, non e ferro factum est'', “this, by Pollux, is made of rust, not of iron”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The first sense is [[m|en|rust]] on metals;^(OLD 2012) Cato says that iron left unused is destroyed by rust.^(OLD 2012) Juvenal speaks of cups of an old temple whose rust is to be revered, and the word was used of similar deposits and coatings on stone, crystals, salt and acorns.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively, Seneca speaks of rubbing the rust off dull minds and Tacitus of words that seem infected with rust, that is, outdated.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Applied to crops it meant [[m|en|blight]] or mildew of corn and vines: Varro says that a god is offered sacrifice so that blight may not seize the crops, and Ovid names a grove of ancient Robigo, a goddess of the blight beside the god [[Rōbīgus]].^(OLD 2012) It was also used of a foul deposit on the teeth, as in Ovid's Envy, whose teeth are livid with it, and of corroding sores.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It continues in [[ro|rugină]] and, through a reshaped Vulgar Latin form, in [[fr|rouille]], and [[it|rubigine]] also continues it.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for rust on metal.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it for blight on crops.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid names the goddess Robigo and uses the word of tartar on the teeth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus applies it to outdated words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|rust|alt=Rust]] on metals.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # (as a sign of age) Rust, the deposit of antiquity.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A similar deposit or rust-like coating on other things.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|blight|alt=Blight]], [[m|en|mildew]] or rust on corn and vines.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The goddess of blight, Robigo.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A foul deposit in the mouth, [[m|en|tartar]]; a corroding sore.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rōbīginō]]

+ * [[rōbīginōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rubeus]]

+ * [[rōbus]]

+ * [[Rōbīgālia]]

+ * [[rūfus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}