corylus Latin · revision 34284

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=itc-pro *kosolo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkɔ.ry.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkɔː.ri.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''corylus''' ''f'' (genitive corylī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''corulus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kosolo-|t=hazel]] or [[m|itc-pro|*kosulo-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|coll]] and [[owl|coll]], [[olt|kasùlas|t=hunter's spear, stick, bush]], [[goh|hasal]] and [[non|hasl]] “hazel”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The Celtic and Germanic words continue a form without the middle vowel, the Lithuanian one a form with it; de Vaan notes that these different suffixes, the restriction to Europe and the fact that it is a tree name could point to a non-Indo-European origin.^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary sets them under [[ine-pro|*kóslos]], unless the Italic word was borrowed from Celtic or Germanic or all come from a substrate.^(Wiktionary) Köbler gives the root as [[m|ine-pro|*koselo-]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ The spelling with ⟨y⟩ beside older ⟨u⟩ may be a Greek-looking reworking, as in poetry;^(Wiktionary) Priscian took the ⟨y⟩ as proof that the word came from Greek.^(TLL) The adjective [[colurnus]] “of hazel” shows a metathesis of the /r/ and /l/.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler record it first in Cato,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who tells the reader to make a ring of elm or of hazel, ''orbem ex ulmo aut ex corylo facito''.^(TLL) It means the [[m|en|hazel]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It named the hazel tree and its wood.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil has it in the ''Eclogues'' and ''Georgics'', and Pliny the Elder says it is very well suited for torches.^(TLL) Macrobius says the Avellana or Praenestine nut grows on the tree called ''corylus''.^(TLL)

+

+ In Medieval Latin from Britain it meant the hazel, a hazel twig and hazel wood, also of tallies, and was glossed with Old English words for the hazel.^(DMLBS) The TLL gives [[fr|coudre]] as a descendant.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it for hazel wood.^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it in the ''Eclogues'' and ''Georgics''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder calls it well suited for torches.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|hazel]] or [[m|en|filbert]] tree; [[m|en|hazelwood]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A hazel twig; hazel wood used for tallies.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[colurnus]]

+ * [[corylētum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}