feriatus Latin · revision 34269

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *dʰeh₁-s-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [feː.riˈaː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [fe.riˈaː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fēriātus''' (feminine fēriāta, neuter fēriātum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|fēriae|-ātus|t1=holidays]] in the OLD's analysis;^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary takes it as the perfect participle of [[m|la|fērior|t=to rest from work]], and the TLL leaves open which of the two it is.^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The noun goes back to [[itc-pro|*fēsio-]] and [[ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-s-io-|t=divine, holy]], a derivative of an s-stem [[ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-s-]] meaning a religious gift or rite.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[osc|fiísíais|t=holidays]] and [[grc|θεός|tr=theós|t=god]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler record it first in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who uses it of a sword left idle, which must not complain that it has long been carried ''feriata''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main sense is keeping holiday: Varro uses it of those who had not kept their Fornacalia, Cicero has ''quoniam feriati sumus'', “since we are on holiday”, and of gods idling in inactivity, and Horace has the Trojans ''male feriatos'', ill-fated in their feasting.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) With ''ab'' it means free from: Cicero has men ''a negotiis publicis feriati''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) The Praenestine calendar has the people crowned and in festival dress, and Gellius says the Flamen Dialis is ''feriatus'' every day.^(OLD 2012) Plautus, Martial and Pliny the Younger use it of things lying idle, Pliny of a toga left unworn.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) ''Dies feriatus'' is a holiday in Seneca the Elder, Seneca and Pliny the Younger.^(OLD 2012) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means festive,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval Latin ''dies feriatus'' is a feast day and ''dies feriati'' the Easter week.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of an idle sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of keeping a festival.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero has ''quoniam feriati sumus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca has ''feriatis diebus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius says the Flamen Dialis keeps holiday every day.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Keeping [[m|en|holiday]], on holiday; free from (with ''ab'').^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # Dressed for or showing the signs of a [[m|en|festival]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Unused, [[m|en|idle]], unemployed.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''dies feriatus'': a holiday, feast day;^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976) ''(Medieval Latin)'' ''dies feriati'': the Easter week.^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # [[m|en|festive|alt=Festive]], holiday-like.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fēriae]]

+ * [[fērior]]

+ * [[fēstus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}