amplio Latin · revision 34264

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la amplus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈam.pli.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈam.pli.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ampliō''' (present infinitive ampliāre, perfect active ampliāvī, supine ampliātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|amplius|-ō|t1=more, further]], from the comparative of [[m|la|amplus|t=large, ample]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan derives the adjective from [[itc-pro|*am-lo-|t=seizable]] and a root [[ine-pro|*h₃mh₃-|t=to grab]], though this requires a change of /ml/ to /mpl/ that he finds hard to date.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first quotation is in the legal sense, in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', which asks why the judges hesitated or deferred judgement on a criminal, ''istum hominem nefarium ampliaveritis''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The legal use is the oldest: to adjourn a trial for further hearing, as when Cicero speaks of a law that allows adjournment, ''lex ampliandi'', and Livy of a defendant ''bis ampliatus, tertio absolutus'', twice adjourned and acquitted the third time.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) The grammarian Charisius explains it from the judges' saying ''amplius'', “further”, when they wanted to hear more, and so put the case off.^(TLL) In the general sense of enlarging or increasing, Lewis and Short find it rare before Augustus: Horace has it of a fortune, Celsus of widening a wound with the scalpel, Lucan and Suetonius of a river's course and a temple.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Younger and Suetonius use it of increasing a number.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means to magnify or make glorious: Martial has honours that Janus ''ter ampliavit'', and Quintilian says Scipio's courage is ''ampliatur'' by Hannibal's renown.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) The Vulgate uses it of beauty enhanced.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to enlarge, to ennoble and to defer a decision.^(Stelten 1995) It lived on in Italian [[m|it|ampiare]] and Spanish [[m|es|anchar]], and was borrowed again as [[m|it|ampliare]] and [[m|es|ampliar]].^(Wiktionary)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of the ''lex ampliandi''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of enlarging a fortune.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy has ''bis ampliatus, tertio absolutus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of glorifying a hero's courage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of enhanced beauty.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|enlarge]], [[m|en|extend]], increase in size, amount or number.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # To make greater or stronger;^(OLD 2012) ''(rhetoric)'' to [[m|en|magnify]], make much of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make glorious, [[m|en|ennoble]]; to enhance a dignity.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(law)'' To [[m|en|adjourn]] a trial, defer judgement on a person or case.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adampliō]]

+ * [[ampliātiō]]

+ * [[ampliator]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[amplus]]

+ * [[amplius]]

+ * [[amplificō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}