derisor Latin · revision 34231

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la rīdeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈriː.sɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈriː.s̬or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dērīsor''' ''m'' (genitive dērīsōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dērīdeō|-tor|t1=to laugh at, mock]], an agent noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913) De Vaan dates [[m|la|dērīdeō]] from Plautus and finds no good Indo-European etymology for its base [[m|la|rīdeō|t=to laugh]]: he calls the old comparison with [[sa|व्रीडते|tr=vrīḍate|t=is shy]] semantically gratuitous.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL's first quotation is from Plautus' ''Captivi'', ''scio absurde dictum hoc derisores dicere'', “I know mockers call this absurdly said”;^(TLL) Lewis and Short take the word there of a jeering parasite.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a mocker or scoffer.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short call it rare and note that Cicero does not use it.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Publilius Syrus has ''qui se ipse laudat, cito derisorem invenit'', “whoever praises himself soon finds a mocker”.^(TLL) Horace uses it of a man always joking and, in the ''Epistles'', of a parasite, and Martial of a stage mimic.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Phaedrus contrasts ''derisor'' with ''deridendus'', one who mocks with one who is mocked, Seneca calls Socrates ''derisor omnium'', and Juvenal has Anubis as ''derisor populi''.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also a Roman cognomen in inscriptions.^(TLL) The Vulgate uses it in Proverbs,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and medieval British writers keep the sense mocker, scoffer; an Old English glossary renders it ''telend''.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in the ''Captivi''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century BC – Publilius Syrus: whoever praises himself soon finds a mocker.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of a joker and of a parasite.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial applies it to a stage mimic.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it in Proverbs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|mocker]], [[m|en|scoffer]], derider.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # A jeering [[m|en|parasite]], a [[m|en|buffoon]] who amuses the company at table.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # A [[m|en|mimic]], a comic actor.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dērīsōrius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dērīdeō]]

+ * [[rīdeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}