concitatio Latin · revision 34222

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la cieō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔŋ.kɪˈtaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kon̠ʲ.t͡ʃiˈtat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''concitātiō''' ''f'' (genitive concitātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|concitō|-tiō|t1=to set in rapid motion, stir up]], an action noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan dates [[m|la|concitō]] from Accius; it belongs to the family of [[m|la|cieō|t=to set in motion]], which fell out of use in Classical Latin and was replaced by the frequentative [[m|la|citō#2|alt=citāre]].^(de Vaan 2008) He traces that family to [[ine-pro|*(ḱ)ei(h₂)-|t=to start to move]], with the participle [[m|ine-pro|*(ḱ)i(h₂)-to-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''De oratore'' distinguishes two parts of a speech, one that wins favour and one that rouses the audience, ''concitationem''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense is rapid or violent movement: Livy has the quick stroke of oars, Seneca winds, Columella horses after exercise, and Quintilian applies it to an impetuous style of speaking.^(OLD 2012) Most often it is the rousing of the passions or the state of excitement: Cicero defines a ''concitatio animi'' as what he calls a ''perturbatio'', from which the wise man is always free, and Seneca calls anger a ''concitatio animi'' seeking revenge.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder uses it of sexual arousal.^(OLD 2012) Concretely it is a disturbance or tumult: Cicero speaks of a sedition of the plebs against the patricians, and Caesar of frequent tumults in a crowd.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) A British document of 1314 uses it of an assembly.^(DMLBS) It is the source of Italian [[m|it|concitazione]].^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of rousing an audience and of disturbances of the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of tumults in a crowd.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of the rapid movement of oars.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1314 – A British document uses it of an assembly.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Rapid or violent [[m|en|movement]]; [[m|en|impetuosity]] in speaking.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A rousing of the passions, [[m|en|stimulation]]; sexual arousal.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|excitement|alt=Excitement]], a violent emotion, passion.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A disturbance, [[m|en|tumult]], [[m|en|sedition]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An [[m|en|assembly]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[concitō]]

+ * [[cieō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}