integre Latin · revision 34218

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la integer}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪn.tɛ.ɡreː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈin.te.ɡre]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''integrē''' (comparative integrius, superlative integerrimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|integer|-ē|t1=untouched, whole]], an adverb.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|integer]] from [[itc-pro|*ntagro-|t=untouched]], a negated adjective from the root of [[m|la|tangō|t=to touch]], [[ine-pro|*teh₂g-|t=to touch]];^(de Vaan 2008) Umbrian [[m|xum|antakres]], probably “untouched”, is its cognate.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the OLD record it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) who says of his work in defending private citizens that it was done ''caste integreque'', “purely and honestly”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main classical sense is morally sound: honestly, irreproachably, without self-interest, as when Valerius Maximus says someone behaved ''integerrime'' and Quintilian has a province governed most honestly.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Cicero also has nature judging ''incorrupte atque integre'', impartially.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Of language it means faultlessly, in pure style: Cicero glosses speaking in the Attic manner as speaking ''sicce et integre'', and Gellius uses it of writing and speaking correctly.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Medieval British writers use it chiefly for completely, wholly, in full, often of gifts, payments and property, from Gildas onwards.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of honest conduct and of a pure Attic style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian has the superlative of a province governed with integrity.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it of correct speech and writing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 510–570 AD – Gildas uses it for wholly, completely.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|honestly|alt=Honestly]], [[m|en|irreproachably]], with integrity; impartially.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Of style, faultlessly, purely, correctly.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' [[m|en|completely|alt=Completely]], wholly, in full.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[integer]]

+ * [[integritās]]

+ * [[tangō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}