armipotens Latin · revision 34216

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=170–c. 90 BC, Accius|origins=la arma, la potēns}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [arˈmɪ.pɔ.tẽːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [arˈmiː.po.tens]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''armipotēns''' (genitive armipotentis); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|arma|potēns|t1=arms, weapons|t2=powerful]], with the connecting vowel ⟨-i-⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|arma]] from [[ine-pro|*h₂(e)r-mo-|t=fitting]], from the root meaning “to join”, the sense having moved from “what is fitted together” or “tools” to “weapons”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL and Georges record it first in a tragedy of Accius, as an epithet of Minerva.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010) Lucretius then calls Mars ''Mavors armipotens''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a poetic epithet meaning strong in war, valiant.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Mars is ''deus'' or ''pater armipotens'' and Minerva ''diva armipotens'' in Virgil, who also gives it to Deiphobus and Achilles.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Ovid and Valerius Flaccus use it on its own as a name for Mars.^(OLD 2012) Statius applies it to Ausonia, Claudian to a general and a father, and the Digest to Syria.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In medieval British sources it is still used of warrior kings: an epitaph quoted by Bede calls Caedual ''armipotens'', and Henry of Huntingdon addresses ''armipotens Alfrede''.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of Minerva.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius calls Mars ''Mavors armipotens''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of Mars, Minerva and heroes.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it as a noun for Mars.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 533 AD – The Digest calls Syria ''armipotens''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Strong in [[m|en|war]], [[m|en|valiant]], warlike; an epithet of Mars and Minerva.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (as a noun) [[m|en|Mars]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[armipotentia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[arma]]

+ * [[potēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}