combibo Latin · revision 34204

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la bibō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkɔm.bɪ.boː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkɔm.bi.bo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''combibō''' (present infinitive combibere, perfect active combibī, supine combibitum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''conbibō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|con-|bibō|t2=to drink]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|bibō]], from Cato on, and reports Rosén's view that in the oldest texts ⟨con-⟩ only makes such verbs perfective, as in this verb beside the simple one, and means “together” only from the end of the Republic.^(de Vaan 2008) He traces the simple verb to [[itc-pro|*pibe/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*pi-ph₃-e/o-|t=to drink]], with the initial /b/ assimilated to the internal one; cognates include [[xfa|pafo|t=I will drink]], [[sa|पिबति|tr=píbati]] and [[sga|ibid]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and the TLL record it first in Cato,^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) who tells the farmer to press the grapes by hand so that they ''combibant aquam marinam'', “absorb the sea water”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short describe the sense to drink up, absorb, as the most common one, rare before the Augustan period.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid uses it of drinking up tears and, figuratively, of swallowing one's own tears, Horace of a body absorbing black poison, and Martial has ''combibere soles'', to soak up the sun.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of substances it means to soak in moisture, and in poetry flames.^(OLD 2012) Cicero uses it once, figuratively, of absorbing the arts, and it is also used of taking in teaching or habits.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it intransitively of drinking together.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of grapes absorbing sea water.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it figuratively of absorbing the arts.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of a body absorbing poison.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of drinking together.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To drink up completely.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|absorb]], take in, by drinking or otherwise;^(OLD 2012) ''combibere soles'', to [[m|en|sunbathe]]; of tears, to swallow, hold back.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of substances, to soak in moisture.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Figuratively, to absorb, become [[m|en|imbue|alt=imbued]] with teaching or habits.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To drink together.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[combibiolus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A separate noun ''combibō'', genitive ''combibōnis'', “drinking companion”, is formed from the verb;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short find it perhaps only in Lucilius and in a letter of Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}