inflatus Latin · revision 34199

+ {{homograph|1|puffed up}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la flō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnflātus''' (feminine īnflāta, neuter īnflātum, comparative īnflātior); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adjective is [[der|la|īnflō|t=to blow into, inflate]]: its perfect passive participle, used as an adjective.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) That verb is a compound of [[m|la|in-|t=into]] and [[m|la|flō|t=to blow]], which de Vaan derives, with some doubt, from a root [[ine-pro|*bʰleh₁-|t=to blow]].^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first quotation is in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of style: to the inexperienced, an oration that swells and is ''inflata'' often seems grand.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who says that a puffed up and swollen mind, ''inflatus et tumens animus'', is in a state of vice.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense, puffed out or swollen, appears in Suetonius, of a cheek more swollen than the other, and in Ovid of flying hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Figuratively it is puffed up with pride: Livy has a young man who came back ''inflatior'', and a line of Seneca's tragedy has ''ponite inflatos tumidosque vultus'', “put away your puffed up and swollen looks”.^(OLD 2012) Georges also gives it the sense angry, of the mind, in Cicero.^(Georges 1913) Of style it means turgid or bombastic: Cicero warns the orator against the inflated kind of speech, Propertius has the ''somnia'' of an inflated Callimachus, and Tacitus says some found Cicero ''inflatus et tumens''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means swollen, puffed up, inflated.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a puffed up mind and of inflated style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses the comparative of a young man grown proud.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus reports that some called Cicero ''inflatus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Puffed out, [[m|en|swollen]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Puffed up, [[m|en|conceited]], proud; angry.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Of style, speakers or writers, [[m|en|turgid]], [[m|en|bombastic]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ {{homograph|2|blowing}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la flō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnflātus''' ''m'' (genitive īnflātūs); fourth declension^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The noun is [[af|la|īnflō|-tus|t1=to blow into]], an action noun of the fourth declension.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the TLL record it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) who has ''primo inflatu tibicinis'', “at the piper's first blast”, and compares the ears of the people to pipes: if they do not take the ''inflatus'', the orator must stop.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Cicero also uses it of divine inspiration, ''aliquo instinctu inflatuque divino'', and, in his translation of Aeschylus, of the swelling growth by which Prometheus' devoured liver is renewed.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Tertullian uses it of the Valentinians' breathing of a spiritual seed into the soul, and of beans as food that causes flatulence.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a piper's blast, of inspiration and of swelling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of flatulence.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|blowing]] into a [[m|en|wind instrument]], a blast.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Breathing in of a deity, [[m|en|inspiration]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Expansion, [[m|en|swelling]]; [[m|en|flatulence]].^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[īnflō]]

+ * [[īnflātiō]]

+ * [[flātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}