tricesimus Latin · revision 34197

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la trīgintā}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [triːˈkeː.sɪ.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [triˈt͡ʃɛː.s̬i.mus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trīcēsimus''' (feminine trīcēsima, neuter trīcēsimum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''trīcēnsimus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ The less frequent ''trīgēsimus'' is post-Augustan, found in Martial and Justin;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) the OLD notes ''trig-'' in Gaius.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|trīgintā|-ēsimus|t1=thirty|t2=-th]],^(Wiktionary) formed, as the OLD notes, in the same way as [[m|la|trīcēnī|t=thirty each]].^(OLD 2012) For the parallel [[m|la|vīcēsimus|t=twentieth]], spelled ⟨vīkēnsumo-⟩ in an inscription, de Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*wīkenssamo-]], with the suffix [[ine-pro|*-tmHo-]] that Indo-Iranian also has.^(de Vaan 2008) He lists [[m|la|trīgintā]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|trēs|t=three]] and reconstructs [[ine-pro|*trih2dḱomth2|t=thirty]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who writes in a letter ''idem tricesimo post die feci'', “I did the same thirty days later”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the ordinal “thirtieth”, used of days and years: Cicero has ''tertius et tricesimus annus'', “the thirty-third year”, Livy ''tricesimum annum agens'', “in his thirtieth year”, and Galba, writing to Cicero, ''legio quinta tricesima'', the thirty-fifth legion.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Horace has ''tricesima sabbata''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Ecclesiastical Latin uses both ''tricesimus'' and ''trigesimus''.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ In British medieval Latin it is also used of the thirtieth day after a death or the day of the last mass of a [[m|en|trental]], and then as a noun.^(DMLBS) Italian [[m|it|trentesimo]] continues it.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of days and years.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace has ''tricesima sabbata''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy has ''tricesimum annum agens''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses the form ''trigesimus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius writes it with ''trig-''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|thirtieth|alt=Thirtieth]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Of the thirtieth day after a death, or the final mass of a trental; also as a noun.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trīgintā]]

+ * [[trīcēnī]]

+ * [[trēs]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}