praevehor Latin · revision 34187

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la vehō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈprae̯.we.(ɦ)ɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈprɛː.ve.or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praevehor''' (present infinitive praevehī, perfect active praevectus sum); third conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|vehō|t1=before|t2=to carry, (passive) to ride, sail]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)^(TLL) De Vaan traces the simple verb to [[itc-pro|*weχ-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*ueǵh-e/o-|t=to carry]], and compares [[xum|ařveitu|t=let him add]], [[sa|वहति|tr=váhati|t=carries, conveys]], [[grc|ὄχος|tr=ókhos|t=cart]] and [[lt|vèžti|t=to convey]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds the perfect participle from Virgil and Livy on;^(TLL) Virgil has ''praevectus equo nuntius'', a messenger riding ahead.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to travel, ride or sail past or along.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that Cicero and Caesar do not use it.^(Lewis & Short 1879) On horseback it is to ride ahead or ride past: Livy has Roman horsemen who had ridden ahead, and a man riding past eleven [[m|en|fasces]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) By ship it is to sail past or along, as in Propertius, who has the Ceraunian headland passed with a lucky oar, and in Tacitus, of the coast of Achaia.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Silius Italicus uses it poetically of outstripping the winds on foot, and Tacitus of the Rhine, which flows past Germany.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Pliny the Younger uses it figuratively of style that flows forth with a certain force,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) although the TLL doubts that reading.^(TLL) Forms other than the perfect participle are rare and found from Lucan and Silius on.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil has ''praevectus equo''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of riders going ahead.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius uses it of sailing past a headland.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 25–101 AD – Silius Italicus uses it of outstripping the winds.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of ships and of the Rhine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|ride]] ahead or past (on horseback).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # To [[m|en|sail]] past or along;^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) (with accusative) to sail past (a place).^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(poetic)'' To outstrip (on foot).^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of things) To flow or fly past.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative, of style)'' To flow forth.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vehō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Tacitus' ''dum missilia hostium praevehuntur'' Lewis and Short take the missiles as the subject, “fly before them”,^(Lewis & Short 1879) but the OLD, Gaffiot and Conte read the horsemen as riding past the enemy's missiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) The TLL notes that manuscripts often confuse it with compounds in ''pro-''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}