adoperio Latin · revision 34174

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la operiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [a.dɔˈpɛ.ri.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [a.doˈpɛː.ri.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adoperiō''' (present infinitive adoperīre, perfect active adoperuī, supine adopertum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|operiō|t2=to cover]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) De Vaan traces the simple verb to [[itc-pro|*op-wer-i(e)-|t=to cover up]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂uer-i(e)-|t=to cover]];^(de Vaan 2008) it is the counterpart of [[m|la|aperiō|t=to open]], with the prefix ⟨op-⟩ in place of ⟨ap-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in Virgil,^(TLL) who has ''purpureo adopertus amictu'', “covered with a purple cloak”, in the Aeneid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short note that it is not used before the Augustan period and mostly in the perfect participle.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy has ''capite adopertō'', “with the head covered”;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Ovid writes of ground covered with flowers and of eyes veiled by sleep, ''adoperta lumina somno'';^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) Columella of eggs covered with salt and of a vine shoot covered with earth.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) It could also mean to shut a door.^(Conte 2010)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) Festus explains the Italian custom of veiling the head by Aeneas having covered his.^(TLL) Medieval writers use it of people dressed in poor clothes and, figuratively, of people seized by terror.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses the participle of a cloak.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy has ''capite adopertō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid writes of eyes veiled by sleep.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella covers eggs with salt.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 2nd half of the 2nd century AD – Festus uses it of Aeneas covering his head.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cover over, cover up; to [[m|en|veil]] (the head or face).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To [[m|en|shut]] (a door).^(Conte 2010)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To come over, seize (of fear).^(MLW)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[operiō]]

+ * [[aperiō]]

+ * [[cooperiō]]

+ * [[adaperiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}