dolenter Latin · revision 34159

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la doleō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dolenter''' (comparative dolentius, superlative dolentissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dolēns|-ter|t1=feeling pain, grieving]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) the present participle of [[m|la|doleō|t=to feel pain, grieve]].^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces that verb to [[itc-pro|*dolē-|t=to pain, cause pain]] and [[ine-pro|*dolh1-eie-|t=to split]], from a root meaning “to chop”: pain was felt as being torn apart.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who has the comparative ''dolentius deplorari'', “to be lamented more grievously”.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means with sorrow or grief, painfully.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995) Cicero also uses it of a style that moves the hearer, in a pathetic manner.^(Conte 2010) Pliny the Younger writes ''tam dolenter adficeris'', “you are so grieved”, at a death,^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) and Ammianus Marcellinus of crying out in grief.^(Georges 1913) In medieval Latin from Britain it means grievously, and an English gloss in the ''Ancrene Riwle'' renders it “sorrowfully”.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it, also in the comparative.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 390 AD – Ammianus Marcellinus has ''dolenter exclāmāre''.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # With [[m|en|sorrow]] or grief, [[m|en|painfully]], sorrowfully.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)^(Georges 1913)

+ # In a moving way, with [[m|en|pathos]].^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[doleō]]

+ * [[dolor]]

+ * [[dolēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}