coloratus Latin · revision 34150

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la color}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''colōrātus''' (feminine colōrāta, neuter colōrātum, comparative colōrātior); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as an adjective, it is the past participle [[der|la|colōrō|t=to colour]],^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) a verb made from [[m|la|color|t=colour]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) De Vaan traces that noun to [[itc-pro|*kelōs-|t=outside, aspect]] and [[ine-pro|*ḱel-ōs|t=cover, covering]]: in Latin the meaning shifted from “covering” to “colour”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it in ''On the Nature of the Gods'' of an arc (''arcus'') and of clouds.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is coloured, having colour:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Vitruvius uses it of a star,^(OLD 2012) Columella of grapes and Pliny the Elder of pears.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Of the skin it means sunburnt or tanned, as in Manilius and Seneca;^(OLD 2012) dark-complexioned or swarthy, as Virgil's ''colōrātī Indī'' and Ovid's ''colōrātī Sēres'', and Tacitus' ''Silurum colōrātī vultūs'';^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and of a healthy, heightened colour as opposed to pale, in Celsus, Quintilian and Frontinus.^(OLD 2012) Seneca uses it figuratively of things made to look good, specious: ''non sunt ficta nec colorata'', “they are not feigned or coloured”.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Ecclesiastical Latin it keeps the sense coloured.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of an arc and of clouds.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil has ''colōrātī Indī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of a star.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses the comparative of a healthy colour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of specious things.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|coloured|alt=Coloured]], having colour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|sunburnt|alt=Sunburnt]], [[m|en|tanned]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Dark-complexioned, [[m|en|swarthy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Having a heightened, healthy colour (as opposed to pale).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # (figurative) [[m|en|specious|alt=Specious]], made to look plausible.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[colōrō]]

+ * [[color]]

+ * [[dēcolōrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}