dinosco Latin · revision 34130

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=65–8 BC, Horace|origins=ine-pro *ǵneh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [diːˈnoːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [diˈnɔs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dīnōscō''' (present infinitive dīnōscere, perfect active dīnōvī, supine dīnōtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''dīgnōscō'' is common in manuscripts.^(OLD 2012) The TLL finds it mostly in those from the 8th–9th century on, the older ones having ''dīnōscō''.^(TLL) Lewis & Short call ''dīgnōscō'' the old form.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dis-|nōscō|t2=to get to know]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces the simple verb to [[itc-pro|*gnōske-]] and [[ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-|t=to know]]; it is cognate with [[grc|γιγνώσκω|tr=gignṓskō]], [[sa|जानाति|tr=jānā́ti|t=to know, recognize]] and [[lt|žinóti|t=to know]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short think it perhaps not older than Augustus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace asks who would distinguish a citizen from an enemy (''quī cīvem dīnōsceret hoste'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Köbler dates Horace 65–8 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Ovid writes of twin cubs so alike that you could hardly tell them apart (''vix ut dīnōscere possīs'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it of telling good from evil, Columella of a mother bird that cannot tell her own chicks from others', and Juvenal of telling true goods.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) With an ablative it means to recognize by something: Quintilian has ''aera tinnītū'', bronze by its ring.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) It also means simply to discern or make out: Suetonius, in his life of Otho, says a small wig was fitted so that no one could tell it apart.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of telling a citizen from an enemy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of twins hard to tell apart.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of distinguishing good and evil.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of knowing bronze by its ring.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of discerning a wig.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To know apart, [[m|en|distinguish]] (from: ablative or ''ab'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To make a distinction in or with regard to.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To recognize as distinct, [[m|en|discern]], make out.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[internōscō]]

+ * [[cognōscō]]

+ * [[discernō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}