inausus Latin · revision 34128

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la audeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪˈnau̯.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iˈnaːu̯.sus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inausus''' (feminine inausa, neuter inausum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|ausus|t1=not|t2=dared]], the negative prefix with the perfect participle of [[m|la|audeō|t=to dare]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) De Vaan derives that verb from [[m|la|avidus|t=greedy]]: it first meant “to want very much”, as the old ⟨sōdēs⟩ “if you please”, from ⟨sī audēs⟩, still shows, and then came to mean “to dare”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Virgil.^(Köbler 2010) Virgil writes ''nē quid inausum aut intractātum scelerisve dolīve fuisset'', “so that no crime or trick should be left undared or untried”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca says the mind should know that nothing is undared for fortune, Martial that Selius leaves nothing untried and nothing undared, and Tacitus has ''quid … inausum intemerātumve vōbīs?'', “what has been left undared and unviolated by you?”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) The DMLBS records an active sense, “not bold, unventuresome”, in British Medieval Latin.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of crimes left undared.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of fortune.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Not ventured on, [[m|en|undared]], unattempted.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Not bold, unventuresome.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[audeō]]

+ * [[ausum]]

+ * [[intemptātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}