olivum Latin · revision 34083

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc ἔλαιον}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''olīvum''' ''n'' (genitive olīvī); second declension^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ An older spelling ''olīvom'' is also found.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD takes it as [[bor|grc|ἔλαιον|tr=élaion|t=olive oil]], adapted from an older form with ⟨ϝ⟩; it compares [[oliva|alt=olīva]] “olive” and [[oleum]] “oil”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler derives it from ⟨olīva⟩.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who advises buying oil on credit and selling it for cash.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is olive oil, a poetic word and one of post-classical prose beside the ordinary [[oleum]]: Lucretius, Virgil, Ovid and Horace use it, Horace of fish drenched with oil, and the jurist Gaius of oil made from one's own olives.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Because wrestlers were anointed with oil, Horace uses it of the wrestling ground.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also an ointment, as Catullus' bed fragrant with Syrian oil.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it olive oil.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of buying oil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of scented oil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of the wrestling ground.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|olive oil|alt=Olive oil]], oil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(figurative)'' The wrestling ground.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # An [[m|en|ointment]], unguent.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[oliva|alt=olīva]]

+ * [[oleum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}