symphonia Latin · revision 34077

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=grc συμφωνία}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [symˈpʰoː.ni.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [simˈfɔː.ni.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''symphōnia''' ''f'' (genitive symphōniae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|συμφωνία|tr=sumphōnía|t=agreement of sounds, harmony]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler connects that word with [[grc|σύμφωνος|tr=súmphōnos|t=sounding together]], from ⟨σύν⟩ “together”.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who has a band playing at a man's banquets.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a harmony of sounds, concord, as Vitruvius' bronze vessels set in theatres for musical harmonies.^(OLD 2012) At Rome it is mostly a group of singers or musicians, a band, especially one performing at a feast: Cicero, Livy, Pliny the Elder and Seneca use it so.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Late Latin it is also a kind of musical instrument, described by Isidore of Seville and mentioned by Jerome.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it music, symphony, concert, band, orchestra.^(Stelten 1995) Etymonline traces English ''sinfonia'' to it through Italian.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a band at a banquet.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of musical harmonies.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville of a musical instrument.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An agreement of sounds, [[m|en|harmony]], [[m|en|concord]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A group of musicians or singers, a [[m|en|band]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995) a concert.^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A kind of musical instrument.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[symphōniacus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|symphony]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}