lampas Latin · revision 34065

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc λαμπάς}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɫam.pas]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈlam.pas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lampas''' ''f'' (genitive lampadis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Poets often use the Greek declension (accusative ''lampada'', genitive ''lampados'').^(OLD 2012)

+ Late Latin also has ''lampada'', ''-ae''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|λαμπάς|tr=lampás|t=torch]],^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) from [[m|grc|λάμπω|tr=lámpō|t=to shine]], perhaps from [[ine-pro|*leh₂p-|t=to glow]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Isidore of Seville explained it as a flame shining at the top, named because it seems to show the motion of licking ([[lambo|alt=lambō]]).^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who has a call to light the torches in a fragment and burning torches in the ''Menaechmi''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a torch, mostly a poetic word beside [[lucerna]] and [[laterna]];^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Accius uses it of a firebrand for setting fire, and Plautus and Terence of the wedding torch.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From the Greek torch race come figurative phrases: Varro has a speaker hand on the torch in the race, and Lucretius compares living things to runners who hand on the torch of life.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In poetry it is the light of the sun, and with numerals a day, as well as the light of the moon and stars;^(OLD 2012) Manilius uses it of a kind of meteor.^(OLD 2012) From Columella on it is also a lamp or lantern, and the Vulgate has oil taken with the lamps.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Late Latin also has a first-declension ''lampada''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Medieval Latin uses it of brilliance or lustre and of a brilliant person.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of torches.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius of a firebrand.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of handing on the torch.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of the sun's light.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of iron lamps.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate of lamps with oil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|torch]]; a [[m|en|firebrand]]; a wedding torch.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(in phrases from the Greek torch race)'' The torch handed on: ''lampada trādere'', to hand on one's task to another.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(poetic)'' The light of the sun, a day; the light of the moon or stars.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A kind of [[m|en|meteor]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|lamp]], [[m|en|lantern]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Brilliance, [[m|en|lustre]]; a brilliant person.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[lampada]]

+ * [[lampadārius]]

+ * [[lampadifera]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short call it mostly poetic, and compare [[lucerna]], ''lychnus'' and [[laterna]].^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary gives [[fax]] as a synonym.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}