sextarius Latin · revision 34012

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la sextus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sɛkˈstaː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [sekˈstaː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sextārius''' ''m'' (genitive sextāriī or sextārī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sextus|-ārius|t1=sixth]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) The ordinal goes back to [[itc-pro|*seks-to-|t=sixth]], from [[m|itc-pro|*seks|t=six]], [[ine-pro|*(s)ueks|t=six]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cato,^(de Vaan 2008) who has sixty-four sextarii of old sea water in a recipe and a sextarius for oil in a list of equipment.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a measure of capacity, liquid or dry, a sixth of a [[congius]] or twelve [[cyathus|alt=cyathī]],^(OLD 2012) about 0.54 litres as a liquid measure.^(Wiktionary) Cicero speaks of having to pay a mina for a sextarius of water, and Livy has the legions contribute pounds of spelt and sextarii of wine.^(OLD 2012) The jurist Paul uses it of grain stolen from a ship.^(OLD 2012) From Cato on it is also the measuring vessel that holds a sextarius,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and in general it can be the sixth part of any measure or weight.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In medieval Latin it is the ''sester'', a dry or liquid measure, and also a measure of land, the area sown with a sextarius of grain.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) Köbler finds it in a charter of 754.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a measure and of a measuring vessel.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a sextarius of water.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of sextarii of wine for the legions.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 1st half of 3rd century AD – Paul of a dry measure of grain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 754 – In a charter.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A measure of capacity, liquid or dry, a sixth of a ''congius'' (about a [[m|en|pint]]).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A measuring vessel holding a sextarius.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # The sixth part of a measure or weight.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|sester]]; a measure of land, the area sown with a sextarius of grain.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sextāriolus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sextus]]

+ * [[sex]]

+ * [[sextāns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}