incurso Latin · revision 33988

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *krs-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪŋˈkʊr.soː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iŋˈkur.so]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''incursō''' (present infinitive incursāre, perfect active incursāvī, supine incursātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|incurrō|-tō|t1=to run against, attack]], a frequentative.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The simple verb [[m|la|currō|t=to run]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*korse/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*krs-e/o-|t=to run]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan notes that compounds in ⟨-cursō⟩, being more recent than those in ⟨-currō⟩, always keep the concrete sense of running.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Plautus' ''Asinaria'', of the place where dead oxen attack living men, that is, where oxhide whips are used.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to charge at or attack:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus has ''in vōs incursābimus'', "we will charge at you", and Livy an attack on the Roman column.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In war it is to raid a territory, as Livy's enemies who raided the fields once they saw the legions withdrawn.^(OLD 2012) It also means to rush into a place, as in Statius, and to intrude on something, as Pliny the Elder of wool of a black sheep into which no other colour has intruded.^(OLD 2012) Of things it means to knock or run against: Ovid has dolphins that hold the woods and bump against the high branches.^(OLD 2012) Quintilian uses it of what strikes the eyes or ears.^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary also gives the sense of assaulting a woman.^(Wiktionary) Stelten glosses it "run or strike against".^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of attacking.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of raids on fields.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of dolphins bumping against branches.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian of things striking the senses.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To charge at, [[m|en|attack]], [[m|en|assault]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To make raids into (territory).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rush into (a place); to [[m|en|intrude]] upon.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To knock or run against; to strike (the senses).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To assault (a woman).^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[incursitō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[incurrō]]

+ * [[incursātiō]]

+ * [[incursāx]]

+ * [[incursim]]

+ * [[incursiō]]

+ * [[incursus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}