citro Latin · revision 33987

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *ḱi}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''citrō''' (adverb; only with ''ultrō'')^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|cis|t=on this side]], formed like [[m|la|citrā]] on the analogy of [[m|la|ultrō]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces [[m|la|cis]] to [[itc-pro|*ki|t=here, by]] and [[ine-pro|*ḱi|t=this here]], cognate with [[lt|šìs|t=this]].^(de Vaan 2008) The older Latin series was ⟨cis⟩, ⟨citer⟩, ⟨citimus⟩, to which ⟨citrō⟩ belongs.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cato,^(de Vaan 2008) who tells the farmer to draw continuous furrows ''ultrō citrōque'', "back and forth".^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is used only together with [[ultrō]], as ''ultrō citrōque'', ''ultrō et citrō'' or ''ultrō ac citrō'', to and fro, in both directions:^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Cato uses it of furrows, and Varro, Cicero and Gellius have it too.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) It also means on both sides, by both parties, as in Cato's great kindnesses given on both sides.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it from Pacuvius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of furrows back and forth.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro with ''ac''.^(TLL)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # ''(with ultrō)'' To this side: ''ultrō citrōque'', to and [[m|en|fro]], back and forth.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ # ''(with ultrō)'' On both sides, by both parties, [[m|en|mutually]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cis]]

+ * [[citrā]]

+ * [[citer]]

+ * [[ultrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}