gemino Latin · revision 33982

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 180–102 BC, Lucilius|origins=la geminus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɡɛ.mɪ.noː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈd͡ʒɛː.mi.no]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''geminō''' (present infinitive gemināre, perfect active gemināvī, supine geminātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|geminus|-ō|t1=twin, double]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|geminus]] to [[itc-pro|*jemno-|t=paired]] and [[ine-pro|*iemH-no-|t=paired, connected]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucilius uses it of doubling a letter, in ⟨pelliciendus⟩.^(OLD 2012) The TLL finds it from Terence on,^(TLL) who has someone warn that a blow will be repeated.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to double in number or amount:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy explains that six centuries are so called because they were doubled, and Quintilian uses it of doubling letters and words.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius uses it intransitively, of furniture that seems to become double.^(OLD 2012) It also means to repeat or do again, as Terence's repeated blow,^(OLD 2012) to increase by adding something like it, as Tibullus' plunder that doubles the dangers of the sea,^(OLD 2012) and to join two things into one: Livy has the city doubled, and Horace says that serpents are not paired with birds, nor lambs with tigers.^(OLD 2012) Horace also has the Corybantes clashing bronze together.^(OLD 2012) English [[m|en|geminate]] comes from its participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius of doubling a letter.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a repeated blow.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of becoming double.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of doubled centuries.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of pairing unlike things.^(OLD 2012)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|geminate]] from the participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|double]]; to double (a letter); to arrange in pairs.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To become double.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|repeat]], do again.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To increase by adding something equal.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To join, [[m|en|unite]]; to pair (with); to bring together.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[congeminō]]

+ * [[geminatim]]

+ * [[geminātiō]]

+ * [[ingeminō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[geminus]]

+ * [[gemellus]]

+ * [[en|geminate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}