decutio Latin · revision 33968

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la quatiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈkʊ.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈkut.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēcutiō''' (present infinitive dēcutere, perfect active dēcussī, supine dēcussum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|quatiō|t2=to shake]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|quatiō]] to [[itc-pro|*kwat-i-]]; he compares Germanic verbs for "shake" such as [[goh|scutten]], but thinks the root may not be Indo-European at all.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL reads it from Plautus on.^(TLL) Lewis & Short note it is rare before the Augustan period and absent from Caesar and Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to make something fall by shaking or striking, to knock off or down: Propertius has quinces shaken from the bough, Livy the tall poppy heads struck off with a stick, and Virgil a heifer shaking the dew from the grass.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Caelius, writing to Cicero, uses it of qualities shed with age.^(OLD 2012) It also means to dislodge, as a garrison of Labienus driven out in the ''Bellum Africum'',^(OLD 2012) and to knock down or overturn: Livy has walls and towers not only struck by lightning but thrown down.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder uses it of olives knocked from the tree.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In manuscripts it is often confused with [[discutiō]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, its first use according to the TLL.^(TLL)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a heifer shaking off the dew.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of poppy heads struck off and towers thrown down.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius of quinces shaken from the bough.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To shake, strike or knock off or down;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''(figurative)'' to [[m|en|shed]], cast off.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To force from a position, [[m|en|dislodge]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To throw down, [[m|en|overturn]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[decussio]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quatiō]]

+ * [[concutiō]]

+ * [[discutiō]]

+ * [[excutiō]]

+ * [[percutiō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Tertullian has a separate fourth-conjugation ''dēcutiō'' (''dēcutīre''), "to flay", made from [[dē]] and [[cutis]].^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}