pure Latin · revision 33952

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ph₂ú-ro-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpuː.reː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpuː.re]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pūrē''' (comparative pūrius, superlative pūrissimē, adjective pūrus)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pūrus|-ē|t1=clean, pure]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces [[m|la|pūrus]] to [[itc-pro|*pūro-|t=pure]] and [[ine-pro|*ph₂ú-ro-|t=clear, cleansed]], cognate with [[sga|úr|t=green, fresh]] and with [[sa|पुनाति|tr=punā́ti|t=cleans]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''Aulularia'' has someone told to wash the vessels clean inside, and in the ''Asinaria'' uses it of nights spent chastely.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is cleanly, so as to be clean.^(OLD 2012) In religion it means with ritual purity: Cicero says that worship must be offered to the gods purely and chastely.^(OLD 2012) Of a way of life it means innocently, uprightly, as in Cicero's calm old age after a life lived quietly, purely and elegantly,^(OLD 2012) and of sex, chastely, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) It also means with a clear, bright surface: Horace speaks of Glycera's beauty shining more brightly than marble.^(OLD 2012) Varro uses it of words arranged neatly,^(OLD 2012) and of style it means plainly and clearly: Cicero has a case pleaded without display, plainly and lucidly.^(OLD 2012) It also means genuinely or perfectly, as in Horace's question of what brings true peace of mind,^(OLD 2012) and in law unconditionally, as in Gaius.^(OLD 2012) The OLD also records a form ''pūriter''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of washing vessels clean and of chaste nights.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of words arranged neatly.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of worship offered purely and of a plain style.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of Glycera's brightness.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius in the legal sense "unconditionally".^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|cleanly|alt=Cleanly]], so as to be clean.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # With ritual [[m|en|purity]]; innocently, uprightly; chastely.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Brightly, clearly, with an unclouded surface.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Neatly;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(of style)'' plainly, without ornament, [[m|en|lucidly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Genuinely, perfectly;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(law)'' [[m|en|unconditionally]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pūrus]]

+ * [[pūrgō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}