violenter Latin · revision 33938

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *uiH-elo-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''violenter''' (comparative violentius, superlative violentissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|violēns|-ter|t1=violent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|violō|t=to violate]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*wijelo-|t=chasing, violating]] and [[ine-pro|*uiH-elo-]], from a root [[ine-pro|*uiH-|t=to strive after, chase]]; he adds that the Romans must have connected the verb with [[m|la|vīs|t=force]].^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler connects it directly with that noun.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler find it first in Terence,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) whose ''Phormio'' has someone hear that the young man's father is taking what has happened violently, that is, with strong feeling.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means with force, violently: Sallust has an inquiry carried out harshly and violently, and Livy the solemn games violently broken up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Terence it refers to violent feelings.^(OLD 2012) Of natural forces it means with destructive force: Horace describes the yellow Tiber, its waves hurled back from the Etruscan shore, going to throw down the monuments of the king.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "violently, vehemently" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of feelings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of a harsh inquiry.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of the flooding Tiber.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of games broken up.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # With force, [[m|en|violently]]; with violent feeling, [[m|en|vehemently]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of natural forces)'' With destructive force, [[m|en|impetuously]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[violēns]]

+ * [[violentus]]

+ * [[violentia]]

+ * [[violō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}