undo Latin · revision 33931

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *ud-ōr}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈʊn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈun.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''undō''' (present infinitive undāre, perfect active undāvī, supine undātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|unda|-ō|t1=wave]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|unda]] to [[itc-pro|*udōr]] and [[ine-pro|*ud-ōr|t=water]], cognate with [[xum|utur|t=water]] and [[grc|ὕδωρ|tr=húdōr|t=water]]; he thinks the ā-stem and the sense "wave" may come from an old collective "body of water".^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan dates the verb from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are Ennius, of the surging sea and of an army abounding in booty.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means of the sea and rivers to rise in waves, surge or flood: Accius, quoted by Cicero, speaks of a surging strait, and Seneca of the equinoctial tide.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Virgil uses it of bronze pots seething over the flames, of a wound streaming with blood, and of smoke billowing mixed with dust.^(OLD 2012) Seneca has Cithaeron running with blood.^(OLD 2012) It also means to move like a wave, undulate: Plautus mocks someone who makes his cloak billow by shaking it.^(OLD 2012) Silius Italicus uses it of wavering grief.^(OLD 2012) With an ablative it means to abound in, as Ennius' army abounding in booty.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan in prose.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "surge, swell, undulate, flow" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of the surging sea and of an army rich in booty.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a billowing cloak.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius of a surging strait.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of seething pots and billowing smoke.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of the tide and of Cithaeron running with blood.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(of the sea, rivers)'' To rise in waves, [[m|en|surge]], flood;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(of hot water)'' to seethe.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of liquids)'' To gush, well up;^(OLD 2012) ''(of wounds, places)'' to stream or run (with blood).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of smoke)'' To [[m|en|billow]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To move in waves, [[m|en|undulate]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(of people, feelings)'' to waver.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(with ablative)'' To [[m|en|abound]] in.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abundō]]

+ * [[exundō]]

+ * [[redundō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[unda]]

+ * [[inundō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}