rixor Latin · revision 33927

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *h₁riḱ-s-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈrɪk.sɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈrik.sor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rixor''' (present infinitive rixārī, perfect active rixātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|rixa|-or|t1=quarrel, brawl]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks [[m|la|rixa]] may come from an s-present, reconstructing [[ine-pro|*h₁riḱ-s-|t=to break, fight]] with a query and comparing [[grc|ἐρείκω|tr=ereíkō|t=to break, tear]] and Middle Welsh [[m|wlm|rwygaw|t=to tear apart]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short's earliest example is Lucretius, of people brawling with much bloodshed,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Cicero in ''De oratore'' tells of someone who had quarrelled with a man over a mistress.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to quarrel violently or noisily, to brawl;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short call it rare but classical.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace uses it of quarrelling over goat's wool, that is, over trifles.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tacitus says that an orator of the bad kind does not fight but brawls.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively the elder Seneca speaks of a man, stubborn by nature, struggling with his fortune.^(OLD 2012) Of things it means to struggle against a force: Varro says that dried plants resist and break rather than being cut.^(OLD 2012) It is also used of opposed qualities that clash: Seneca writes of the moment when desire and fear are not at war with each other.^(OLD 2012) Stelten gives "to quarrel" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of bloody brawls.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a quarrel over a mistress.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of dried plants that resist the sickle.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of quarrelling over goat's wool.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of desire and fear at war.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|quarrel]], [[m|en|brawl]], wrangle;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(figurative)'' to struggle (with circumstances).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of things)'' To struggle against a force;^(OLD 2012) ''(of qualities, sounds)'' to [[m|en|clash]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rixa]]

+ * [[rixōsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}