piscina Latin · revision 33923

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pisk-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɪsˈkiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [piʃˈʃiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''piscīna''' ''f'' (genitive piscīnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|piscis|-īna|t1=fish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The TLL reports this derivation from Leumann but suggests it may be the feminine of an adjective ⟨piscīnus⟩ used as a noun.^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|piscis]] to [[itc-pro|*piski-|t=fish]] and [[ine-pro|*pisk-|t=fish]], with cognates such as [[sga|íasc|t=fish]] and [[non|fiskr|t=fish]]; he finds the vowel of the Celtic forms hard to explain.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and the OLD find it first in Plautus' ''Truculentus'', of someone casting a net into a fishpond.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first a fishpond: Varro distinguishes ponds of fresh and of salt water,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Cicero uses it in the ''Paradoxa Stoicorum'' and in a letter to Atticus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cato already uses it of a pool in general, putting a jar of must into one,^(OLD 2012) and Columella of ponds for cattle to bathe and drink in.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Later it is a swimming pool, warm or cold, as in Seneca, Pliny the Younger, Suetonius and Martial,^(Lewis & Short 1879) part of a water supply, a settling tank, in Frontinus,^(OLD 2012) and a vat or tank in Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012) Livy names the ''Piscīna pūblica'', a public pool at the Porta Capena, which in Festus' time survived only as a name.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the Vulgate it is the pool of Bethesda in John's Gospel;^(Lewis & Short 1879) in Church Latin it also became a baptismal font and the basin in a church that receives the water of the rites,^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976) and Niermeyer adds a wash-bowl.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a fishpond.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a pool in general.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy names the ''Piscīna pūblica''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of a swimming pool.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate of the pool of Bethesda.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * early 14th century – [[m|en|piscine]] appears in English, through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|fishpond]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|pond]] or [[m|en|pool]] in general; a pond for watering cattle.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A tank in a water supply, a settling tank or [[m|en|reservoir]]; a vat.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A [[m|en|swimming pool]], bath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A baptismal [[m|en|font]]; the [[m|en|sacrarium]] of a church.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A wash-bowl.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[piscīnālis]]

+ * [[piscīnārius]]

+ * [[sēmipiscīna]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[piscis]]

+ * [[piscor]]

+ * [[en|piscine]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}