develop English · revision 3392

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1592|origins=fro desveloper}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /dɪˈvel.əp/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|développer]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) replacing earlier disvelop, from Middle French desveloper,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) both from [[m|fro|desveloper|t=to unwrap, unfurl, reveal]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from [[m|fro|des-|t=undo]] and [[m|fro|voloper|t=to wrap up]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) which is of uncertain origin, possibly Celtic or Germanic.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(NODE 1998) It is related to [[envelop]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(NODE 1998)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To unfold, unroll: 1592 in the OED and Merriam-Webster, as disvelop,^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)^(Barnhart 1988) and in the form develop from 1656 in Barnhart and the 1650s in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) This sense is obsolete.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The modern uses are figurative and arose in the 18th century and after.^(Etymonline) “To lay open, unveil” is from 1742,^(OED 1989) and “to unfold more fully, bring out the potential in” by 1750.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The intransitive “to come gradually into existence” is by 1793,^(Etymonline) and “to advance from stage to stage” by 1843.^(Etymonline) The photographic sense, making a latent image visible by chemicals, is from 1845,^(Etymonline) and the real-estate sense, “to convert land to profitable use”, by 1865.^(Etymonline) “To come to light”, American English, is by 1864.^(Etymonline) ''Developing'' of poorer nations is by 1960.^(Etymonline) ''Development'' is from 1756, after French développement, and ''developer'' from 1833.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1592 – ''disvelop'', to unfold.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1656 – ''develop'', to unwrap.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1750 – to bring out the potential of.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1756 – ''development''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1793 – to come into being gradually.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1845 – in photography.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1865 – to develop land.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1960 – ''developing countries''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To grow or cause to grow into a more advanced or mature state.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To come or bring gradually into existence: ''a storm developed''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To elaborate or expand an idea or plan.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To begin to have: ''to develop a cough''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To treat photographic film with chemicals to make the image visible.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To build on or convert land for use.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[developable]]

+ * [[developability]]

+ * [[developer]]

+ * [[misdevelop]]

+ * [[overdevelop]]

+ * [[predevelop]]

+ * [[redevelop]]

+ * [[underdevelop]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[envelop]]

+ * [[envelope]]

+ * [[development]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}