mansuetus Latin · revision 33916

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *sue(h₁-)dʰh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [mãːˈsʷeː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [manˈsʷɛː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mānsuētus''' (feminine mānsuēta, neuter mānsuētum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as an adjective, it is the perfect passive participle [[der|la|mānsuēscō|t=to tame; grow tame]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) literally "accustomed to the hand", from [[m|la|manus|t=hand]] and [[m|la|suētus|t=accustomed]].^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan thinks the adjective, from ⟨*manu-suēto-⟩, is probably older than ⟨mānsuēs⟩; ⟨suēscō⟩ goes back to [[itc-pro|*swē(þ)-sk-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*sue(h₁-)dʰh₁-|t=to make one's own, get accustomed]].^(de Vaan 2008) Festus explained it as "used to coming to the hand".^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Naevius.^(Köbler 2010) Among the OLD's first citations, Terence's ''Andria'' speaks of the duties of a humane and gentle mind.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of animals it means tamed, domesticated: Varro says the wild ass is easily made tame, and that young bullocks will be tame in a few days;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy has a tame pig, and Grattius stalls of tame beasts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Of peoples it means civilized: Cicero says no people is so civilized or so wild that it does not know it must have a god.^(OLD 2012) Of persons and character it is mild and gentle: Cicero asks why a man was so suddenly gentle in the senate when he had been so fierce in his edicts, and says he is turning from speeches to the gentler Muses.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of things it is not harsh, as Livy's mild evil, or Propertius' calm shores.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein contrasts it with ''cicur'', which is tameness in a merely physical sense, opposed to ''ferus'', while ''mānsuētus'' also has a moral sense, a mild disposition, opposed to ''saevus''.^(Döderlein 1874) In Church Latin it is meek, humble and gentle.^(Stelten 1995) Etymonline derives the English [[m|en|mastiff]], through Old French, probably from a Vulgar Latin derivative meaning "tame".^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a gentle mind.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of tamed animals.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of civilized peoples and gentle men.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(of animals)'' [[m|en|tame|alt=Tame]], [[m|en|domesticated]]; belonging to tame animals.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of peoples)'' [[m|en|civilized|alt=Civilized]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|mild|alt=Mild]], [[m|en|gentle]], quiet;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''(of things)'' not harsh.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|meek|alt=Meek]], humble.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[mānsuētē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mānsuēscō]]

+ * [[mānsuētūdō]]

+ * [[manus]]

+ * [[suēscō]]

+ * [[cicur]]

+ * [[en|mastiff]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}