damma Latin · revision 33912

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''damma''' ''f'' or m (genitive dammae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''dāma''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ It is usually feminine, but sometimes masculine in poetry.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) The TLL takes it for a foreign word and compares [[sga|dam|t=ox]] and [[cy|dafad|t=sheep]];^(TLL) the OLD gives the same comparison,^(OLD 2012) and Köbler suggests a borrowing from Celtic.^(Köbler 2010) Lewis & Short and Wiktionary instead connect it with [[m|la|domō|t=to tame]] and [[ine-pro|*demh₂-|t=to domesticate, tame]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it in the ''Eclogues'', the ''Georgics'' and the ''Aeneid''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the general name for smaller animals of the deer family, the fallow deer, roe, gazelle, antelope or chamois.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil, Horace, Ovid and Seneca use it in poetry,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Pliny the Elder in his natural history.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Its gender varies: Virgil and Statius make it masculine, and Lewis & Short refer to Quintilian for this.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) As meat it is venison: Juvenal writes of rich men for whom neither turbot nor venison has any taste.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Medieval Latin it is written ''dāma''.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of deer, sometimes as a masculine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian on its gender.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal of venison.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A deer of the smaller kinds: a [[m|en|fallow deer]], roe, [[m|en|gazelle]], [[m|en|antelope]] or [[m|en|chamois]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(as food)'' [[m|en|venison|alt=Venison]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dammula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cervus]]

+ * [[caprea]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}