floridus Latin · revision 33909

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=ine-pro *bʰleh₃-ōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈfɫoː.rɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈflɔː.ri.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''flōridus''' (feminine flōrida, neuter flōridum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|flōs|-idus|t1=flower]], made after [[m|la|flōreō|t=to bloom]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan traces [[m|la|flōs]] to [[itc-pro|*flōs(-)|t=flower]] and [[ine-pro|*bʰleh₃-ōs|t=blossoming]], with cognates such as [[sga|bláth|t=flower, bloom]] and [[goh|bluowen|t=to bloom]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan finds it first in Varro,^(de Vaan 2008) who speaks of flowery and uncultivated mountains;^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means full of flowers or producing them: Lucretius has flowery meadows, Ovid garlands of flowers and flowery Hybla.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero uses the neuter plural of flowery and varied sights.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also bright in colour, as in Pliny the Elder and Apuleius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of persons it is blooming with youth or beauty: Catullus has a blooming girl and the flowering age of youth, and Ovid's Galatea is more blooming than a meadow.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Of speakers and style it is florid: Cicero calls Demetrius of Phalerum more flowery than Hyperides, and Quintilian names a third, flowery kind of style, in Greek ἀνθηρός.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "flourishing, plentiful, flowery" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995) The English [[m|en|florid]] came through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of flowery mountains.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of flowery meadows.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a flowery style.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of a blooming girl.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 1640s – [[m|en|florid]] appears in English, from French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Full of [[m|en|flower|alt=flowers]], [[m|en|flowery]]; made of flowers.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Brightly coloured, bright.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # In the [[m|en|bloom]] of youth or beauty, blooming.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(of style)'' [[m|en|florid|alt=Florid]], colourful.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Flourishing.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[flōridulus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[flōs]]

+ * [[flōreō]]

+ * [[en|florid]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}