incaute Latin · revision 33892

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la caveō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''incautē''' (comparative incautius, superlative incautissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|incautus|-ē|t1=incautious]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|incautus]] is formed from [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[m|la|cautus|t=careful]], the participle of [[m|la|caveō|t=to beware]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who in a letter to Atticus says everything so far has been done foolishly and incautiously.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means without taking precautions, unwarily: Livy joins it with fighting rashly,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Caesar has the comparative, of guards placed on the wall a little too carelessly.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Pliny the Younger uses it of eating at ease, without having to watch oneself: you can dine more grandly elsewhere, but nowhere more cheerfully, simply and freely.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Augustine has the superlative ''incautissimē''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In Church and Medieval Latin it also means unawares, unexpectedly.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of acting incautiously.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of careless guards.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of fighting rashly.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine has the superlative.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|incautiously|alt=Incautiously]], unwarily, [[m|en|carelessly]], rashly.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Without having to watch one's behaviour, at ease.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Unawares, unexpectedly.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[incautus]]

+ * [[cautē]]

+ * [[caveō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}