semianimis Latin · revision 33851

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *sēm-i, la anima}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [seː.miˈa.nɪ.mɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [se.miˈaː.ni.mis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sēmianimis''' (neuter sēmianime); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''sēmianimus'' and ''sēmanimis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sēmi-|anima|-is|t1=half|t2=breath, life]], with a second form in ⟨-us⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|sēmi-]] to [[ine-pro|*sēm-i|t=in one]], cognate with [[grc|ἡμι-|tr=hēmi-|t=half]], the meaning having shifted from “in one” to “one of the two” and so to “half”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ennius has it in the ''Annals'', of half-dead eyes that still twitch, a line Servius quotes on Virgil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means half-alive or half-dead, of dying people and animals and their limbs: Virgil has fingers that twitch half-dead, and it is frequent in Livy, Seneca, Curtius and Suetonius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short find it mostly in poetry and post-Augustan prose.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Some writers stress the life that remains, as Phaedrus of a hare and Lucan.^(OLD 2012) In verse it is scanned as four syllables, and some editions write it ''sēmanimis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The form ''sēmianimus'' appears in Lucretius, in Cicero's poetry, in Sallust and in Juvenal.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten glosses it “half-dead, half-alive”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius, of half-dead eyes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius has the form ''sēmianimus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of twitching fingers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of half-dead men.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Half-alive, half-dead, nearly [[m|en|dead]]; still living, still conscious.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[anima]]

+ * [[sēmivīvus]]

+ * [[sēminex]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}