subiungo Latin · revision 33850

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *(H)iunégti}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sʊbˈjʊŋ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [subˈjuŋ.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''subiungō''' (present infinitive subiungere, perfect active subiūnxī, supine subiūnctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''subjungō''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sub-|iungō|t1=under|t2=to join, yoke]].^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|iungō]] to the nasal present [[ine-pro|*(H)iunégti|t=yokes]], cognate with [[sa|युनज्मि|tr=yunájmi|t=I yoke]] and [[grc|ζεύγνυμι|tr=zeúgnumi|t=to yoke]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest citations in the OLD are Lucretius, of things set underneath on which the earth trembles from above, and Cicero, in the speech on the soothsayers' reply, of words added at the end of it.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call the sense of yoking rare: Virgil has tigers yoked to a chariot, Columella oxen to a cart and Vitruvius oxen yoked under carts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) From yoking came the sense of subjecting, as Virgil says that no Italian may bring so great a people under his rule.^(OLD 2012) More generally it is to attach something in a subordinate place, as Varro does in grammar,^(OLD 2012) to make one thing follow another, as Columella of hoeing after weeding,^(OLD 2012) and to add in speech or writing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives “add, add to, unite to, say again”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|subjoin]] comes from it through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of placing beneath.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of adding words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of yoking tigers and of subjugating a people.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1570s – English [[m|en|subjoin]], through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|yoke]], harness (animals).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To bring under control, [[m|en|subjugate]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To fix under or below; to place in a subordinate position, subordinate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make follow next; to add, append, [[m|en|subjoin]] (in speech or writing).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[subiūnctīvus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iungō]]

+ * [[en|subjoin]]

+ * [[en|subjunctive]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}