instinguo Latin · revision 33847

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *stengʷ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩːˈstɪŋ.ɡʷoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈstiŋ.ɡʷo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnstinguō''' (present infinitive īnstinguere, perfect active īnstīnxī, supine īnstīnctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|stinguō|t2=to push, prick]].^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|stinguō]] to [[ine-pro|*stengʷ-e/o-|t=to push, thrust]], cognate with [[xum|anstintu|t=let him attach]]; he reconstructs a Proto-Italic stem ⟨*in-stī/eig-⟩ for this compound.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short find it in classical Latin only as the past participle: Cicero has a man driven by madness and audacity in the Verrines.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The participle means incited, fired or animated: Livy has men fired by these words and someone driven by the Furies, Suetonius a man spurred by an injury, Quintilian a speaker inspired by a divine spirit, and Velleius people roused to war.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Vitruvius speaks of minds stirred by the delights of letters.^(Lewis & Short 1879) A finite form is found in Tertullian, of Christ having inspired someone within; in Gellius the manuscripts read ''instrīnxit''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero has the participle.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of men fired by words.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian has a finite form.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|instigate]], [[m|en|incite]], impel; to fire, inspire (chiefly in the past participle).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnstīnctor]]

+ * [[īnstīnctus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stinguō]]

+ * [[īnstīgō]]

+ * [[en|instinct]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}